1. Name of the Certification: – Yoga Master (YM)
2. Requirement/ Eligibility: –
(a). For open candidates, there are no eligibility criteria
(b). For admission in the course, it is suggested/ desired that the candidate should be graduate in any stream from a recognized University or equivalent. However, the Yoga Institutions can define their eligibility.
3. Brief Role Description: – Shall act as Master Educator/ Trainer in Yoga Educational programs. Skilled professionals can teach, evaluate & assess for all categories of certification under Yoga Training and Education & will be a guiding force.
4. Minimum age: – No age limit
5. Personal Attributes: –
The job requires individuals to have good communication skills, time management skills, and the ability to understand the body language of the trainees. The job requires individual to possess key qualities such as self-discipline, confidence, maturity, patience, compassion, active listening, time management, empathy, language proficiency, engagement with students, dedication to teaching, ability to build caring relationships with students, friendly and approachable, independent, credibility, analytical skills, etc.
6. Credit points for certificate: 92 credits
7. Duration of course: Not less than 1600 hours.
8. Mark Distribution: Total Marks: 200 (Theory: 120+Practical: 80)
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Theory: – Unit Name and Marks Philosophical Foundation of Yoga- 30 Principles and Practices of Yoga in Traditional Texts-30 Allied Science- 30 Applied Yoga- 30 Total Marks: – 120 |
Practical: – Practical Work and Marks Demonstration Skills-15 Teaching Skills-15 Evaluation Skills- 20 Application of knowledge-20 Field Experience 10 Total Marks: – 80 |
Note: – The students who have done PG, M.Sc. in Yoga from the YCB accredited institute, will be given an exemption of 10 marks for in-field experience work. The candidate will be awarded field experience marks after producing a certified copy of field experience from his/her institute.
Theory Syllabus
Unit 1:- Philosophical Foundation of Yoga
1.1 Origin and General History and Development of Yoga (Pre-Vedic to contemporary Period) Definitions of Yoga in different Yoga texts, Aim, Objectives and Misconceptions about Yoga, True Nature, and Principles of Yoga.
1.2 Meaning and Objectives of Darshana; Branches of Indian Philosophy; Nature of Yoga in BharatiyaDarshana (Indian Philosophy); Salient Features of Shad Drashana; Distinction between Indian Philosophy and Western Philosophy. The essence of Samkhya Yoga and Vedanta Darshana; General introduction to Nastika Darshana and their Practices.
1.3 Introduction to Vedas and Upanishads, Prasthanatrayee&PurusharthaChatushtaya; Yoga in Epics – Ramayana, Mahabharata; Nature of Yoga in Smritis, Puranas, Agamas, and Tantras; Concept of Pancha-Kosha; the concept of Nadi, Prana, Kundalini in Tantra, Elements of Yoga in Narada Bhakti Sutra.
1.4 Evolution of Yoga: Pre-Vedic to the contemporary period.
1.5 Yoga in Medieval period: Features of Natha Parampara, Bhakti Yoga of Medieval saints, Characteristics of Yoga in Narada Bhakti Sutras, Yoga in the Literature of SaintsKabirdas, Tulasidas and Surdas.
1.6 Elements of Yoga in Jainism (concept of syadvada, Ratnatrya, KayotargaBuddhism (concept of Aryasatyas, Arya-ashtanga-marga&Vipassana) and Sufism, Sufi Meditation Techniques, Characteristics of Yoga in Sikhism, Elements of Sahaja yoga or Nama yoga of Guru Nanak.
1.7 Yoga in Modern times: Yoga Traditions of Sri Ramakrishna and Swami Vivekananda, Integral Yoga of Shri Aurbindo, Yoga of Maharishi Raman and Swami Dayanand Saraswati, Yoga Paramparas from modern to contemporary times, the contribution of different Yoga guru in the development of Yoga.
1.8 Yoga in Contemporary Times: Knowledge of Yoga Parmparas(lineages) of contemporary times; Yoga Parmpara of Yogacharya Sri T. Krishnamacharya, Swami Rama of Himalayas, Maharshi Mahesh Yogi, Swami Dhirendra Brahmchari and their contributions for the development and promotion of Yoga.
1.9 Schools of Yoga: Introduction to Schools (Streams) of Yoga.
- 9.1 Yoga Schools with Vedanta Tradition (Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Dhyana)
- 9.2 Yoga Schools with Samkhya Yoga Tradition (Patanjali Yoga)
- 9.3 Yoga Schools with Tantric Tradition (Hath Yoga, Swara Yoga, and Mantra Yoga)
Unit 2:- Principles &Practices of Yoga in Traditional Texts
2.1 PrincipleUpanishads: – Introduction to Upanishads, Essence of Principal Upanishads; Yogatattva in Principle Upanishads, Concept of Panchkosha, Tri-Sharir, Omkara Upasana; Ashtanga Yoga in Principle Upanishad.
2.2 Yogopanishads:- Introduction to Yogopanishads; Essence of Yogopanishads.
2.3 Bhagavad-Gita: – General Introduction to Bhagavad Gita (B.G.) and its traditional commentaries, their commentators, Essence of Bhagavadgita as a synthesis of karma, Bhakti and Jnana Yoga; concept of sthitaprajna stages and characteristic of it. Relevance of Samkhya Yoga and Atman (Purusha), Jivatman in Bhagavadgita and Jnana Yoga in the context of Bhagavadgita; the concept of karma Yoga, Nishkam Karma, and Karma Phala; Concept of Bhakti Yoga; features of Bhakt; Nature of Bhakti, Means, and End of Bhakti-Yoga; Nature of Dhyana as described in Bhagavadgita; concept and classification of Ahara and Triguna as described in B.G; Importance of Bhagavadgita in day-to-day life.
2.4 Patanjali Yoga Sutra: –
- 2.4.1 Introduction to Patanjala Yoga Darshana, knowledge of Traditional commentaries and commentators of Patanjala Yoga Sutra, Metaphysics of Samkhya and its relationship with Yoga Darshana of Patanjali, Concept of Purusha Prakriti, twenty-five entities according to Samkhya, Tapatryas; Relationship between Samkhya and Yoga Darshana, the concept of Anthakaranas, Chitta, Chitta-Bhumis.
- 2.4.2 Concept of, Chitta-vritti, Chitta-vritti-nirodhopaya, the concept of Ishwar and its relevance in Yogasadhana, Qualities of Ishwar, Ishwaraparidhana. ChittaVikshepas (Antarayas)and concept of Chitta-prasadanam, Relevance of Chittaprasadanam in Yoga Sadhana. Types and nature of Samadhi in Yoga Sutra, Ritambharaprajna, and Adhyatmaprasada; Difference between Samapatti and Samadhi.
- 2.4.3 Kriya Yoga of Patanjali, Concept of Kleshas, Heya, Hetu, Haana and Hanopaya,Viveka-khyati; Significance of each limb of Ashtanga Yoga.
- 2.4.4 Concept of Vibhutis, Ashtha Siddhis and their relevance in Yoga Sadhana, the concept of Parinamas and their relevance in Yoga Sadhana, Essence of Kaivalya in Yoga Sutras of Patanjali.
2.5 Hatha Yoga Texts: –
- 2.5.1 Knowledge of Hatha Yoga and Hatha Yoga Texts: –Siddhasiddhantapaddhati, Hatha Pradeepika, Gheranda Samhita, Hatha Ratnavali and Shiva Samhita;Hathayogiparampara;
- 2.5.2 Importance of Hatha and its secrecy prerequisites of Hatha Yoga (DashaYama and Dasha niyama);
- 2.5.3 Constructive (Sadhaka) and Destructive (Badhaka) tattvas in Hatha Yoga; Concept of Mattha, Mitaahara, Pathya, and Apathy;
- 2.5.4 Shatkarma: – Knowledge of shatkarmatheir techniques benefits, precautions, and contraindications mentioned in different Hatha Yogic Texts; Application and relevance of shatkarma in modern Days;
- 2.5.5 Yogasana: – Knowledge of Yogasana, their Techniques, benefits, precautions, and contraindications mentioned in different Hatha Yogic Texts; Application and relevance of Yogasana in modern Days;
- 2.5.6 Pranayama: – Knowledge of Pranayama, their Techniques, benefits, precautions, and contraindications mentioned in different Hatha Yogic Texts; Application and relevance of Pranayama in modern Days.
- 2.5.7 Bandha &Mudra: – Knowledge of Bandha & Mudra their Techniques, benefits,precautions, and contraindications mentioned in different Hatha Yogic Texts; Application and relevance of Bandha & Mudra in modern Days.
- 2.5.8 Concept of Pratyahara, Dharana, Dhyana, and Samadhi in different Hatha Yoga Texts. Concept and importance of Nada and Nadanusandhana in HathaPradeepika, Four stages of Nadanusandhana; Relationship between Hatha Yoga and Raja Yoga.
2.6 Yoga Vasishtha:-
- 2.6.1 Introduction and Highlights of Yoga Vasishtha, Definitions of Yoga and their relevance. Concept of Mind: World is the projection of Mind; ManahPrashamanahup ayah Yoga: Mind control through abhyasa (practice) and vairagya (detachment).
- 2.6.2 Concept of Jnana: Jnana Saptabhumika, the importance of knowledge and types of knowledge, Management of Mind and emotions-enhancing the power of discrimination (Viveka).
- 2.6.3 Prana and Pranayama: Control of breathing; the story of Kakabhushanda, Understanding of the Concept of Adhi and Vyadhi;
- 2.6.4 Concept of Samadhi and Moksha: Good Association; Self Enquiry; Development of Satvaguna (Good virtues), Eight Limbs of Meditation.
Unit 3:- Allied Science
3.1 Anatomy & Physiology of Human body and Human Psychology
- 3.1.1 Introduction to cell, tissue, organs, and organ systems; Basic physiology and functions of organelles of cell; Osmosis Process across the cell; Mechanism of Homeostasis; Blood Composition; structure and Functions of component of blood; Immunity and body defense mechanism, Platelets and Blood clotting. Blood groups and their importance. Macrophage. Lymphatic system and lymph.
- 3.1.2 Musculoskeletal systems: Skeleton – Structure, and functions of bone; the name of bone of different skeletons; Classification of Bone and Joints; Definition of joints and muscles, cartilage, tendon, and ligaments; structure of the spine, muscles, and their functions; classification of Skeletal muscles – Properties of skeletal muscles, Mechanism of Muscular contraction and relaxation, Neuromuscular junction, Sarcotubular system, Smooth muscle- mechanism of contraction
- 3.1.3 Digestive and Excretory system: Anatomy and Physiology of Digestive& excretory system- structural organization of digestive & excretory system, mechanism of digestive & excretory system digestive system, Functions of digestive & excretory system; Dialysis
- 3.1.4 Cardiovascular and respiratory system: Anatomy and Physiology of Cardiovascular and respiratory system- structural organization of Cardiovascular and respiratory system, mechanism of Cardiovascular and respiratory system, Functions of Cardiovascular and respiratory system.
- 3.1.5 Nervous system: Anatomy and Physiology of Nervous system; structural organization of Nervous system, mechanism of Nervous system, Functions ofNervous system.
- 3.1.6 Endocrine system: Location, functions of Endocrine hormones (Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Adrenal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, gonads).
- 3.1.7 Immune system and special sense: Component organs of the immune system, Functions of the immune system; Special senses: – Structure and function of eye, ear, nose, tongue, and skin.
- 3.1.8 Reproductive system: Anatomy and physiology of male and female reproductive systems; functions of Reproductive System.
3.2 Dietetics and Nutrition: –
- 3.2.1 Definition of nutrition and food, Functions of Food; Components of Food & their Classification; Macro and Micro Nutrients –Sources, Functions, and effects on the Body; Significance of Carbohydrate, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water in the body;
- 3.2.2 Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): Its definition, Normal values, factor affecting BMR Special dynamic action of food. Concept of Metabolism, Anabolism, Catabolism, and Calorie Requirement.
- 3.2.3 Definition of Energy, Components of Energy Requirement, Factors affecting Energy Requirement, and Expenditure.
- 3.2.4 Definition of Balanced diet; Role of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, Vitamins, and Minerals in diet, recommended dietary allowances
3.3 Yoga and Ayurveda: –
Meaning, definition, Aim, and Objectives of Ayurveda; Basic Principles of AyurvedaTridosha, Triguna, Saptadhatu, tri male, PanchaMahabhuta, Prakruti, and Manas; Concept of Health and Disease according to Ayurveda, Relationship between Ayurveda and Yoga.
3.4 Yoga and Naturopathy: –
- 3.4.1 Definition of Nature Cure; Fundamentals and Principles of Naturopathy; Arogya RakshakaPanchatantras and their importance in maintaining good health and prevention of Disease; the significance of Physical and Mental Hygiene in Personal Life and Prevention of Diseases.
- 3.4.2 Importance of Detoxification in Naturopathy. Relationship between Yoga and Nisargopachar; Role of Yoga and Nisargopachar in the management of lifestyle-related Disorders.
- 3.4.3 Concept of Health and Disease in Indian Systems of Medicine Naturopathy.
Unit 4:- Allied Yoga
4.1 Yoga as an Education: –
- 4.1.1 Education- Definition of Education, Salient features of Yoga Education; Factors of Yoga Education; Teacher, Student and Curriculum, Guru-shishya parampara and its importance in Yoga Education.
- 4.1.2 Value Education, it’s meaning and definitions, types of values, value-oriented education and modes of living, the role of value-oriented education; contribution of Yoga towards the development of values;
- 4.1.3 Salient features of ideal Yoga teacher, the role of a Yoga teacher in value-oriented education, the role of Yoga in the development of human society; Yogic Concepts for the Development of Four-Fold Consciousness – Civic Sense, Patriotic Urge, Service Zeal, and Spiritual Growth.
- 4.1.4 Teaching and Learning: Concept and Relationship between the two.
- 4.1.5 Physio-psychology
4.2 Yoga for Health & Well Being: –
- 4.2.1 Definition & Importance of Health according to WHO; Dimensions of Health: Physical, Mental, Social and Spiritual level.
- 4.2.2 Concepts of Trigunas, Pancha-mahabhutas, Pancha-prana and their role in Health and Healing; Concept of Pancha-koshas & Shat-chakra and their role in Health and Healing.
- 4.2.3 Heyamdukhamanagatam; Potential causes of Ill-health: Tapatrayas and Kleshas, Physical and Physiological manifestation of Disease (Vyadhi, Alaska, Angamejayatva, and Ssvasa-prashvasa); Role of Yoga in preventive health care.
- 4.2.4 Mental and Emotional ill Health: Concept of Antarayas (Styana, Samshaya, Pramada, Avirati, Bhranti-darsana, Alabdha-bhumikatva, Anavasthitatva, Duhkha, and Daurmanasya); Role of Yoga in Mental and Emotional Health.
- 4.2.5 Yogic Diet – General Introduction of Ahara; Concept of Mitahara; Pathya and Apathya according to Gheranda Samhita, Hathapradeepika, and Bhagavad Gita;Importance of Yogic Diet in Yog Sadhana and its role in healthy living; Diet according to the body constitution (Prakriti) – Vata, Pitta, and Kapha as also Gunas.
- 4.2.6 Yogic Principles of Healthy Living: Ahara, Vihara, Achara, and Vichara; Role of Yogic Positive Attitudes (Maitri, Karuna, Mudita, and Upeksha) for Healthy Living, Concept of Bhavas and Bhavanas with its relevance in health and wellbeing.
4.3 Yoga and Psychology: –
Concept of Psychology, Meaning, definition, and nature of consciousness as described in Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagwad Gita, Yogasutra, and Yogavashishtha; Spiritual and scientific approach to human consciousness. Yogic Method of elevation of human consciousness: Bhakti yoga, Jnana yoga, Karmayoga, Mantra yoga, Ashtanga yoga, Hathayoga.
4.4 Yoga for Stress Management: – Knowledge of Stress and its consequences; Yogic Perspective of Stress; Yogic principles for the management of Stress and its consequences; Concepts and Techniques of Stress Management in Ashtanga Yoga of Patanjali and Bhagavad Gita, specific practices for stress management, breath awareness, Shavasana, Yoga Nidra, pranayama and meditation, the impact of a yogic lifestyle on stress management.
4.5 Yoga and Sports: – Significance of Yoga in Physical Education & Sports, Dimensions of Physical Fitness: Strength, Endurance and Flexibility; Indicators of Mental Fitness: Concentration, WillPower, and Mental Strength and Cognitive abilities; Role of Yoga Practices for Physical and Mental Health: Shatkriyas, Asana, Pranayama, Bandha, Mudra, and Dhyana; Importance of Yogic lifestyle in improving efficacy in sports personnel.
Practical Syllabus
A. Demonstration Skills
1. Prayer: –
1.1 Concept of Pranav and hymns
1.2 Recitation of Pranav and Soham Japa
1.3 Selected universal prayers & invocations and Nishpatti Bhava.
2. Shatkarmas: –
2.1 Dhauti (Kunjal and Vastradhauti.
2.2 Neti (Sutra and Jala).
2.3 Kapalbhati( Vatkrama, Vyutkarma and Sheetkrama)
2.4 Nauli
2.5 Trataka
2.6 Laghoo and Poorna sankhaprakshalana
3. SukshmaVyayama, SthulaVyayama and Suryanamaskar: –
3.1 Ucharan-sthal-tathtavishudhichakrashudhi
3.2 Budhitathadritishakivikasaka
3.3 Medhashaktivikasaka
3.4 Kapolshaktivikasaka
3.5 Grivashaktivikasak
3.6 Vakshasthalshaktivikasaka (i and ii)
3.7 Katishaktivikasaka (i,ii,iv,v)
3.8 Janghaskativikasaka (i,ii)
3.9 Pindalishkativikasaka
3.10 Hridgati and sarvangpushti.
3.11 Yogic Surya Namaskar of BSY, Swami Dhirendra Brahmachari and its Variations.
4. Yogasana (yogic postures): –
1. Standing Postures: Tadasana, Ardhakatichakrasana, Hastapadasana, Ardhachakrasana, Trikonasana, Parivrittatrikonasana, Parsvakanasana, Veersana.
2. Sitting postures: Paschimottanasana, Suptavajrasana, Ardhamatsyendrasana, Vakrasana, Marichasana, Malasana, Badhakanasana, Merudandasana, Akarnadhanurasana, Gumukhasana.
3. Prone postures: Bhujang asana, Salabhasana, Dhanurasana, Urdhvamukhosvanasana, Makarasana.
4. Supine postures: Halasana, Chakrasana, Sarvangasana, Matsyasana, Shavasana, Setubandhasana, 4.5 Balancing postures: Vrikshasana, Garudasana, Namaskarasana, Tittibhasana, Natrajasana.
5. Pranayama Knowledge & Demonstrated ability to perform following practices and Pranayama (with Antar & Bahya Kumbhaka):-
5.1 Breath awareness.
5.2 Sectional breathing.
5.3 Nadishodhan Pranayama.
5.4 Bhastrika Pranayama, Ujjai Pranayama.
5.5 SuryaBhedi and Chandrabhedi Pranayama.
5.6 Sitali Pranayama, Sitkari Pranayama.
5.7 Bhramari Pranayama (with Antar&BahyaKumbhaka).
6. Practices leading to Meditation: –
6.1 Pranav and Soham Japa.
6.2 Yoga Nidra.
6.3 Antarmauna.
6.4 Ajapa Dharana.
6.5 Practices leading to Breath Meditation, Practices leading to Om Meditation, Practices leading to Vipassana Meditation, Practices leading to Preksha Meditation.
7. Bandhas and Mudras: –
7.1 Jivha Bandha, Jalandhara Bandha, Uddiyana Bandha, Mula Bandha, Maha Bandha.
7.2 Yoga Mudra, Maha Mudra, Shanmukhi Mudra, Shambhala mudras, VipareetKarni Mudra.
B. Teaching Skills (Methods of Teaching Yoga)
1. Concept and Principles of Teaching and Learning:- Teaching Levels; Qualities of Yoga Guru; Yogic Levels of learning, Vidyarthi, Shishya, Mumukshu; Meaning and scope of Teaching Methods and Factors influencing them; sources of Teaching Methods; Role of Yoga Teachers and Teacher Training Techniques of Individualized; Teaching Techniques of group teaching; Techniques of mass instructions; Organization of teaching (Time Management, Discipline, etc.).
2. Education: – Meaning, Definition, Aim, Objectives, and Importance; Salient Features of Yoga Education.
3. Essentials of Good Lesson Plan: – concepts, needs, planning of teaching Yoga (Shodhanakriya, Asana, Mudra, Pranayama & Meditation); use of the Teaching Aid.
4. Models of Lesson Plan:- the need for a lesson plan and content of the lesson plan.
5. Presentation of the Yoga classroom:- Essential features, Area, Sitting arrangement in Yoga class, Student’s approach to the teacher: Pranipaata; Pariprashna; Seva.
C. Assessment Skills
Concept of Measurement, Assessment, Test, and Evaluation; Evaluation: its meaning, Definition, Need, Scope, and Purpose; Principles of Evaluation, Assessment, and knowledge of conducting exams; Characteristics of Evaluation: Validity and Reliability; Types of Assessment: Formative and Summative; Process and Advantages of Assessment; Assessment Devices: Examination, Interview, Group Discussion, Questionnaire; etc. Assessment of Feedback Forms; Assessment of Programmes, Institutions, Yoga Centres.
D. Administrative /Mentoring Skills
Interpersonal relationship between teacher and student (guru and shishya); role and responsibilities of Yoga Guru.
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